Data-driven radiative hydrodynamic modeling of SOL2014-03-29

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|publish_date = 10 May 2016  
|publish_date = 10 May 2016  
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|next_nugget={{#ask: [[Category:Nugget]] [[RHESSI Nugget Index::275]]}}
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|previous_nugget = [http://sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu/~tohban/wiki/index.php?title=Electron_acceleration_and_hard_X-ray_emission_from_SOL2013-11-09 Thick-target model discrepancy]
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=== Introduction ===
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== Introduction ==
A [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_flare solar flare]  
A [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_flare solar flare]  
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how the flare energy is transported and dissipated.
how the flare energy is transported and dissipated.
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In this Nugget we describe the flare SOL2014-03-29 (X1)  
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In this Nugget we describe the flare of [[Has event date:: March 29, 2014 17:45]],
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SOL2014-03-29 (X1),
from the point of view of the excellent chromospheric observations
from the point of view of the excellent chromospheric observations
now becoming available both from ground-based data and new satellite data.
now becoming available both from ground-based data and new satellite data.
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[http://www.astronomyknowhow.com/hydrogen-alpha.htm H-alpha]  
[http://www.astronomyknowhow.com/hydrogen-alpha.htm H-alpha]  
and the Ca II 8542 Å line.
and the Ca II 8542 Å line.
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We compare these with observations of the h&k
 
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[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraunhoferlinie Fraunhofer lines] of Mg II,
 
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as observed by [https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/index.html IRIS]
 
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in space.
 
These lines,from singly-ionized ions, form at different heights and cover the  
These lines,from singly-ionized ions, form at different heights and cover the  
whole chromosphere.  
whole chromosphere.  
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lower solar atmosphere.  
lower solar atmosphere.  
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=== Estimation of the electron distribution ===
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== Estimation of the electron distribution ==
The analysis reported here [1] assumes the  
The analysis reported here [1] assumes the  
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each spike corresponds to a single burst.   
each spike corresponds to a single burst.   
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=== The chromospheric emissions ===
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== The chromospheric emissions ==
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The atmospheric parameters resulting from the RADYN model then go into a radiative-transfer model for other ions, such as our Mg II signatures.  
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RADYN estimates the emission in H-alpha and Ca II 8542 Å; to study other lines, the atmospheric parameters resulting from RADYN go into a radiative-transfer model for other ions, such as our Mg II signatures.
Comparing the model results to the observations, we find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes,  
Comparing the model results to the observations, we find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes,  
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while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones. Figure 2 shows some of these profiles.
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while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones.  
We find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes,  
We find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes,  
while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones.
while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones.
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]]
]]
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=== Conclusions ===
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== Conclusions ==
In general, the synthetic intensities agree with the observed ones.
In general, the synthetic intensities agree with the observed ones.
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flares.   
flares.   
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=== References ===
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== References ==
[1] [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016arXiv160304951R "Data-driven Radiative Hydrodynamic Modeling of the 2014 March 29 X1.0 Solar Flare"]
[1] [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016arXiv160304951R "Data-driven Radiative Hydrodynamic Modeling of the 2014 March 29 X1.0 Solar Flare"]
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[3] [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...630..573A "Radiative Hydrodynamic Models of the Optical and Ultraviolet Emission from Solar Flares"]
[3] [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...630..573A "Radiative Hydrodynamic Models of the Optical and Ultraviolet Emission from Solar Flares"]
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[[Has observation by:: Dunn Solar Telescope IBIS| ]]
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[[Has observation by:: RHESSI| ]]
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[[Has observation by:: IRIS| ]]

Latest revision as of 14:58, 21 September 2018


Nugget
Number: 274
1st Author: Fatima Rubio da Costa
2nd Author:
Published: 10 May 2016
Next Nugget: Non-thermal recombination in solar flares and microflares
Previous Nugget: Electron acceleration and hard X-ray emission from SOL2013-11-09
List all



Contents

Introduction

A solar flare results from a sudden energy release involving magnetic reconnection in a domain containing free energy. A large fraction of the radiated energy originates in the chromosphere, so studying the chromospheric flare emission is therefore a key for understanding how the flare energy is transported and dissipated.

In this Nugget we describe the flare of March 29, 2014 17:45, SOL2014-03-29 (X1), from the point of view of the excellent chromospheric observations now becoming available both from ground-based data and new satellite data. Our ground-based data come from the Sacramento Peak Observatory in New Mexico, where the Dunn Solar Telescope makes observations with the IBIS imaging spectrometer, observing in this case H-alpha and the Ca II 8542 Å line. These lines,from singly-ionized ions, form at different heights and cover the whole chromosphere. They thus provide excellent diagnostics for the flare response of the lower solar atmosphere.

Estimation of the electron distribution

The analysis reported here [1] assumes the electron beam ("thick-target") model, wherein electrons accelerated in the corona precipitate into the lower atmosphere, heating it. We model the temporal evolution of the electron heating self-consistently from the integrated X-ray spectra obtained by RHESSI. The spectra were fitted to a thermal component plus a thick-target, non-thermal component. To estimate the electron flux, we divided the power of non-thermal electrons by the cross-sectional area of the footpoints in IRIS images (2796 Å). Figure 1 shows these parameters.

Figure 1: Temporal evolution of the non-thermal electron spectral parameters obtained from fitting the RHESSI spectra (a)-(c); the area of the footpoint emission in IRIS 2796 Å (d) and the non-thermal electron beam intensity (e). The dashed line indicates the time of the maximum integrated X-ray flux from RHESSI.

The RADYN radiative-hydrodynamics code [2,3] has done the hard work of following how the atmosphere responds to the energy deposited by the non-thermal electrons. We constructed a multi-threaded flare loop model and used the electron flux inferred from RHESSI as the input to the radiative hydrodynamic code RADYN to simulate the atmospheric response. The temporal evolution of the threads was estimated from the temporal derivative of the GOES 1-8 Å light curve, assuming that each spike corresponds to a single burst.

The chromospheric emissions

RADYN estimates the emission in H-alpha and Ca II 8542 Å; to study other lines, the atmospheric parameters resulting from RADYN go into a radiative-transfer model for other ions, such as our Mg II signatures. Comparing the model results to the observations, we find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes, while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones. We find that the H-alpha and Ca II profiles fit the observed line shapes, while the Mg II IRIS profiles are broader in the wings than the synthetic ones. Figure 2 shows some of these profiles.

Figure 2: he H-alpha and Ca II 8542 Å line profiles synthesized from RADYN (black solid line) and observed by IBIS at 17:46:13 UT+18 s and 17:45:54 UT+18 s, respectively, and at different locations along the ribbons of the flare (purple for the southern ribbon and blue for the northern ribbon) and outside (green). The black dotted line is the IBIS quiet Sun profile calibrated to RADYN.

Conclusions

In general, the synthetic intensities agree with the observed ones. The simulated MgII h&k line profiles have narrower wings than the observed ones. This discrepancy can be reduced by using a higher microturbulence velocity (27 km/s) in a narrow chromospheric layer. An increase of electron density in the upper chromosphere within a narrow height range of 800 km below the transition region can turn the simulated MgII line core into emission and thus reproduce the single peaked profile, which is a common feature seen in all IRIS flares.

References

[1] "Data-driven Radiative Hydrodynamic Modeling of the 2014 March 29 X1.0 Solar Flare"

[2] "Does a nonmagnetic solar chromosphere exist?"

[3] "Radiative Hydrodynamic Models of the Optical and Ultraviolet Emission from Solar Flares"



Facts about Data-driven radiative hydrodynamic modeling of SOL2014-03-29RDF feed
Has event date29 March 2014 17:45:00  +
Has observation by Dunn Solar Telescope IBIS  +, RHESSI  +, and IRIS  +
RHESSI Nugget Date10 May 2016  +
RHESSI Nugget First AuthorFatima Rubio da Costa  +
RHESSI Nugget Index274  +
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